The Most Unusual Bridges in the World
The most unusual bridges in the world – which ends in nothing, folding like a caterpillar, water for ships, located below the water level, and many others.
Bridge of Moses, The Netherlands, 2011
Where is Fort Roovere, West Brabant Water Line, The Netherlands
Type: Console, pedestrian
Length: 51 m
Type: Console, pedestrian
Length: 51 m
Fort Roovere where this most unusual of the new bridges of the world, was built in the XVII century as part of Brabant line installations, guarding Holland from invasion by France and Spain.
During large-scale reconstructions of the fort in front of the designers was given more than a trivial task: to throw a bridge across moat to tourists, making it virtually invisible. Architects brilliantly coped with this task, based on the design history of how the Prophet Moses parted in front of the sea water.
The bridge is almost completely submerged in water so that the pedestrian deck is below water level. From a distance it is invisible and emerges when approaching a narrow gap in the water.
Almost entirely made of specially treated and resistant to aqueous medium of wood, “Bridge of Moses” was among the finalists of the prestigious contest Dutch Design Awards.
Bridge Royal Gorge, USA, 1929
Where: The Grand Canyon of the Arkansas River, Colorado, USA
Type: suspension, hiking
Length: 366 m (268 m main span)
Height above the lowest point of the canyon: 321 m
Type: suspension, hiking
Length: 366 m (268 m main span)
Height above the lowest point of the canyon: 321 m
The Grand Canyon of the Arkansas River has been known since the middle of XIX century, when it found native silver. During the “silver rush” to close the gorge of the Arkansas River (the width of the canyon at the lowest point of 15 m) was built by the railroad.
The field is quickly exhausted, but soon, archaeologists found there remains of dinosaurs: it is the prototype of Royal Gorge, “Jurassic Park”. Very quickly, Canyon City has become a popular tourist town, especially for which was built a unique suspension bridge, boardwalk with amusement.
In the 1960s Royal Gorge was infamous as a “bridge suicides”: specially came here wishing guaranteed to take their lives. At the beginning of the XXI century they were replaced by tourists extremals, which are attracted by the opportunity to perform with the legendary bridge jump on the insurance of a rubber rope.
Leonardo da Vinci’s bridge, Norway, 1502/2001
In 1502, Leonardo da Vinci worked for Sultan Bayezid II project stone bridge across the Golden Horn with a total length of 360 m, with an arch span length of 240 m.
Sultan considered the project “unscientific fiction,” and it was long forgotten, preserved in a few sketches in the notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci.
In 1996, the bridge design found Veborn Sand artist who founded the public later Leonardo Bridge Project, supported by the administration of public roads in Norway. The truth turned out not so bridge the giant, as he is conceived by Leonardo, but his unique minimalist design – three-bearing arches, wide at base and thin at the junction with the blade of transition – has remained intact.
The bridge is made using a unique technology “laminated wood” in a special way of glued Norwegian pine. This same technology was used in 1994 during the construction of the rink Winter Olympics in Lillehammer.
Storsesundetsky Bridge, Norway, 1989
This is the longest of the eight bridges the Atlantic Road – five-mile route that connects the island to the mainland by Avery.
The need for this road keenly felt in the first third of XX century, when the plans were studied seriously construction of the railway line, from which had to be abandoned because of the weakness of the soil of smallislands. Until the mid-1970s between Romsdalem and walked Averoem car ferry, and only in 1989, there was a long-awaited highway, which is also the first 10 years has been paid.
Then, starting from 1999, about five years to the bridges were added additional “scaffolding” of the originalarchitecture – for photography, recreation, and even fishing, resulting in the Atlantic road was one of the most visited tourist attractions in Norway, and in 2005 received the title of “Construction of the century» (Norwegian Construction of the Century).
Storsesundetsky bridge – perhaps the most famous of its elements. He is well known optical illusion “bridge to nowhere”: from a certain angle it seems that the entry for “falling” to sea level (23 m) piece of the bridge as if dropped into the abyss.
Bridge Slauerhoffbrug, Netherlands, 2000
Extremely strange bridge, remotely from a distance looked like a giant excavator, named in memory who was born in Leeuwarden Dutch poet and novelist Ian Slauerhofa XX century.
Another called “flying” bridge, although, strictly speaking, it is automatic, adjustable lifting, moving on a farm with a pylon-counterweight (kind of a giant spool of thread, lurking at the side of the road on the bank of the river). From an architectural standpoint, the bridge – a distant descendant of the drawbridge in medieval castles, took the guise of an industrial robot.
A square platform of the bridge 10 times a day on the river rises almost vertically. In this position, it is clear that the lower part of the platform is painted in the colors of Leeuwarden – blue and yellow.
Magdeburg “water crossing”, Germany, 2003
Where: the river Elbe, Hohenwart, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
Type: Console, navigable aqueduct (a bridge-channel)
Length: 918 m (106 m main span)
Type: Console, navigable aqueduct (a bridge-channel)
Length: 918 m (106 m main span)
When the Roman aqueduct, the aqueduct was navigable, it is known for sure – in the era of the Industrial Revolution. In 1805, in Wales, Thomas Telford aqueduct was built navigable Pontkisillte, who laid the basic architectural and design elements and requirements for a new type of bridge. Pontkisillte built as a Roman arcade piers which are made of stone arches and actually lying to them and the shipping channel – cast iron.
Magdeburg “water crossing” (this is translated from the German name of the bridge) just has a reinforced concrete lined with a metal shipping channel width of 32 m and a depth of 4 m, combined with a walkway width of 10 m. The highlight – the height of the bridge over the river: it is 90 m !
The idea to link the channel Elbe – Havel with Mittellandkanal, which appeared to direct water route from Berlin to the Rhine ports, dates back to 1919. By 1938, built a boat lift Rothensee bulls and the future of the bridge, but then came the Second World War, and after it – the division of Germany. The Government of the GDR at the time was not interested in the building. By the project came only after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, five years for a new project by building a bridge for € 80 million
Bridge Rolling, UK, 2005
Every Friday at noon, this strange octagonal design literally turns around and turns into a small footbridge over a narrow boat canals adjacent to the channel that connects London and Birmingham.
English sculptor Thomas Hizervik spied on the principle of operation of this “segmented kinetic sculpture,” as originally named the bridge in the garden … caterpillar.
In a folding metal bridge parapet concealed hydraulic pistons simultaneously expand and collapse the bridge, which in 2005 was awarded the prestigious British Structural Steel Design Award.
Bridge of Gustave Flaubert, France, 2008
Where: River Seine, Rouen, France
Type: Vertical lift, car and pedestrian
Length: 670 m (116 m of lift)
Type: Vertical lift, car and pedestrian
Length: 670 m (116 m of lift)
The highest in Europe drawbridge (total height 91 m, height 55 m roadway) is designed in such a way that could pass under it not only cruise ships, and sailboats coming in Rouen on naval parade “Rouen Armada.” Three years ago, just before the next “Armada” and the opening of the unique structure.
The bridge is named was born in Rouen, the French novelist Gustave Flaubert, and its linkage runs 30-40 times a year.
A curious construction of the bridge: each canvas highway – the forward and backward movement, 2 x 18 m with 2.5 m pedestrian strip – has its own lift section.
In addition to purely technical ease of lifting equipment (total weight 1,300 t lifting platforms), the design has an important ecological function. The gap between the platforms of the bridge, hanging over the river at a height of 7 m, partly preserves flow of sunlight to the water under the bridge that supports the natural ecosystem of the river.
Bridge World, Georgia, 2010
Where: the Kura River (Mtkvari), Tbilisi, Georgia
Type: suspension, hiking
Length: 156 m
Type: suspension, hiking
Length: 156 m
Footbridge of Peace, which connects Old Tbilisi with new neighborhoods – one of the most important for the Georgian capital structures. Bridge with a roof of glass panels in the spirit of the Norman Foster designed byItalian architect Michele De Lucchi with French designer Philippe Martineau illuminator.
The design of the bridge built an interesting system of illumination: in the evening and night every hour bulbs 30 000 Morse broadcast message, visible to both parapets of the bridge. It is composed of the names of the periodic table of elements that make up the human body.
According to the architect, “the message – a hymn to life and peace between peoples and nations.” Many compared the construction of this bridge with the construction of the Eiffel Tower, bringing together at one time a high-tech architecture and monuments, and thus changed the whole architectural appearance ofParis.
Bridge Gesher Ha-Meitarim, Israel, 2008
Where: the intersection of Herzl Boulevard and Jaffa Road, Jerusalem, Israel
Type: knee-hanging, tram and pedestrian
Length: 360 m (the central section of 160 m)
Type: knee-hanging, tram and pedestrian
Length: 360 m (the central section of 160 m)
This bridge – twice, “Jubilee”: it was created for the 60th anniversary of Israel and is a bridge to the fortieth work of Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava. As conceived by the architect, the bridge for light rail line with hiking paths, suspended for 66 rigging, collected in a single parabolic structure on a single pylon height 119 m, represents the harp of King David.
The first two years after opening, to start tram line was exclusively a pedestrian bridge, contrary to the predictions and the objections of becoming one of the architectural monuments of the ancient city.
The new bridge suddenly appeared in the center of a political scandal. It is located on the border of East Jerusalem, captured by Israel during the Six Day War and is still legally considered to be occupied Palestinian territory. Irreconcilable in the PLO objected to the construction and threatened to sue the Israeli government.
Henderson Waves, Singapore, 2008
Where: Herderson Road, connects Mount Faber Park-and-chicks Blanga Hill Park, Singapore
Type: Console, pedestrian
Length: 274 m
Type: Console, pedestrian
Length: 274 m
This is the highest (36 m) pedestrian bridge in Singapore, the traditional constructive enough, but with very unusual design.
Seven of ribbed steel bulges above and below the flooring of the bridge form a system of lateral recesses, which are located rest areas with benches and tables.
Interior finish of the bridge is made of yellow wood ball outside – from edge of plate metal structures, which are hidden lighting for every night illuminations.
This is a favorite walking place of citizens, and more recently the bridge is especially attractive for weddingphotographers.
Geytshedsky Millennium Bridge, UK, 2001
Where: River Tyne, between Gateshead and Newcastle, United Kingdom
Type: arch tilting, pedestrian
Length: 126 m (108 m main span)
Type: arch tilting, pedestrian
Length: 126 m (108 m main span)
Bridge between Gateshead and Newcastle – one of many in the world, built in honor of the new millennium. But he alone among them bridge tilt-up type, which is also installed on the site already assembled.
The design of the bridge – two connected cables arch. One of them serves as a walkway, and it can pass under small vessels, the other lifted above the water to a height of 50 m.
When the bridge is approaching vessel is relatively high, the bridge performs a pirouette, called “winking eye” with six hydraulic jacks for about five minutes, turning both the arch as a whole by 40 ° around the axis connecting their ends, resulting in their upper points are at the height of approximately 25 m above the water.
Bridge, “winks” about 2000 times a year, and every time you look at his turn is going to a lot of people.
The bridge weighs more than 800 tons can withstand a collision with a ship with a displacement of 4,000 tons, reaching speeds of up to 4 knots. Geytshedsky Millennium Bridge – the owner of more than 30 awards for engineering and architectural solutions (of which five – for the design of decision-night illumination) and in2007 he memorialized the Royal Mint on the reverse of the coins in a pound.
“Heavenly Bridge» Langkawi Sky, Malaysia, 2004
Where: Langkawi, Malaysia
Type: suspension, hiking
Length: 125 m
Type: suspension, hiking
Length: 125 m
“Heavenly” Bridge is near the top of Mount Mat Chichang at Malaysian resort island of Langkawi – a former hideout of pirates Andaman Sea, and now recognized by UNESCO Geoparks.
Langkawi Sky Bridge is part of the system Langkawi Cable Car – the cable car, in two stages with an intermediate stop elevating the level of tourists to 712 m above sea level, to the overview bridge on top of amountain overlooking the valley, the sea and nearby islands of Thailand.
The bridge width 1.8 m – hanging from a trellis pillar, to which are attached bearing the guys, the spacer wires that stabilize the bridge, attached to rocks in the neighborhood. , 2005 Footbridge, , , « ».
10 of the most Famous Leaning Towers
August 9, 1173 was the first stone bell tower of the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta and the Leaning Tower – the most famous “falling” tower in the world. It turns out that such structures are not so little. About ten of the most famous you will learn from our collection.
Suurhusen construction of the late Middle Ages, the region of East Friesland in the north-west of Germany. According to Guinness World Records, it was the most inclined tower in the world, although in 2010 the newCapital Gate tower in Abu Dhabi interrupted this record. Suurhusen spire remains the most leaning tower in the world, the slope of which was ahead of the world-famous Leaning Tower of Pisa by 1.22 degrees.
Clock tower of the British Parliament (better known as Big Ben) is inclined to the north-west by 0.26 degrees or 43.5cm, according to documents that were recently made public. The incline level increased to 0.9 millimeters per year since 2003, the effect on the slope of permanent underground work and the London Underground.
Two towers Asinelli and Garisenda in Bologna steadily declining despite all the efforts of city officials, high tower called Asinelli smaller but more deflected Garisenda, its deviation from the vertical is already 3.22 m
4. The church tower Frankenhausen, Germany
The tower on a hillside on the outskirts of the city, is constantly exposed to strong winds engineers noticed that the speed with which the tower falls now is 6 cm per year. In this case, it may reach a tipping point in the next decade or so. Local and state officials have agreed to spend $ 1.5 million to try to stabilize the tower.
Built on soft clay tower started falling a few years after construction began. Upon completion of construction in 1350, the tower leaned about four and a half feet. By 1990, the tower leaned in for another 4 m authorities have spent nearly two million pounds of lead ingots that were to be placed on one of its sides to prevent it from falling.
6. Nevyansk tower, Russia
Tower Nevyansk also falls. The tower is located in the center of Nevyansk and is one of the most famous in the Middle Urals. The construction was financed by Peter the Great, and was built in the first half of the 18th century, known in Russian builder Akinfiy Demidov. The tower height is 57.5 m. According to recent measurement deviation top of the tower with the right angle being 2.20 m. The exact date of construction of the tower is unknown, various historical sources mention dates between 1721 and 1745.
Tiger Hill Pagoda or Huqiu Tower is located in the city of Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province. The tower was built in the later period of the Five Dynasties (907-960 AD). The tower rises to a height of 47 m. This is a seven-storeybuilding, built of blue brick octagons. Over thousands of years, the tower gradually tilted due to the forces ofnature. The slope of 2.32 meter tower. Entire structure weighs approximately 7,000,000 kg.
8. The Burana Tower, Italy
The Burana Tower, or the Church of St. Martin is located on the Venetian island of Burano. The building was built in the 15th century, not falling leash because it relies on standing next to the building
9. The church Oude Kerk, Netherlands
Oude Kerk (Old Church), nicknamed the church Oude Jan (“Old John”), is a Gothic Protestant church in the old city center of Delft, the Netherlands. Height of 75 meters, it declined by 1.98 cm from the vertical.
10. Tower of Bedum, Netherlands
Tower of Bedum in the northern Dutch town of Bedum, also leans more than the Leaning Tower. 55.86m in height, the tower of Pisa leans about 4 meters, while the tower leans 2.61m in Bedum (8.6 ft) at a height of 35.7
op 10 Islands for the Holiday Season by TripAdvisor
For the holiday season the most popular portal TripAdvisor travelers published lists of the best islands to stay, according to its users. We decided to call his own, but at the same time and your attention to the choice of travelers regarding the 10 best islands in the world.
1. Ambergris Caye, Belize.
2. St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands.
7. Moorea, French Polynesia.
8. Koh Tao, Thailand.
9. Easter Island, Chile.
10. Nosy Be, Madagascar.
Leaning Tower of Pisa: Evasive Architecture, Italy
Famous architectural landmark of Italy is the Leaning Tower of Pisa – it’s part of the ensemble of theCathedral of Santa Maria Assunta, located in the city of Pisa. The construction of the bell tower was completed back in 1360. This structure has the nickname “The Leaning Tower”, as well as world famous, which appeared due to the strong inclination of the tower.
Dreamy St.Petersburg Apartment by Anton Valiev
Prepared to become someone’s comfortable nest, these renders by Anton Valiev exhibit a custom collaboration between natural colors and elegant furniture. With both feminine and masculine touches, this two bedroom apartment in St. Petersburg is perfect for a small family. Tradition and modernity subtly intertwine to shape an elegant display of spaces. One of the bedrooms features blue accents and cream furniture, in a successful attempt to create a dreamy design, while the other bedroom is soberer, although theromantic canopy over the bed softens the atmosphere. A masculine office/den provides privacy and an imposing work space, balanced by the display of travel-related art and a comforting fireplace.
10 the Youngest Capitals of the World
May 21, 1712, Peter I moved the capital of Russia from Moscow to St. Petersburg. Transfer of capitals in theworld – a phenomenon not unique, and even frequent. Transferred to the capital so far – the different geographic, strategic, and sometimes more peculiar reasons. We suggest you familiarize yourself with the tenyoungest capitals of the world.
The Republic of Palau
Myanmar
Kazakhstan
Arab Palestine
Tanzania
Nigeria
Côte d’Ivoire
